"Before Independence, we dreamed that it would bring us masses of marvelous things. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 11 février 2020 à 01:01. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. To access this article, please, Access everything in the JPASS collection, Download up to 10 article PDFs to save and keep, Download up to 120 article PDFs to save and keep.

Kwilu, rivière de l’Angola et du Congo-Kinshasa, affluent du fleuve Congo traversant le district des Cataractes Kouilou Niari ou Niadi Kwilu , fleuve côtier (embouchure au nord de Loango ) exploré par l' État indépendant du Congo (14 stations fondées), mais rétrocédée en 1887 au Congo français

Kwilu is one of the 21 new provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo created in the 2015 repartitioning.

La province du Kwilu est depuis 2015 une province de la république démocratique du Congo à la suite de l'éclatement de la province du Bandundu. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 21(3), 459–479.

During this time, hunger and disease began to spread throughout the province, and remaining support for the rebellion began to wane.

Notably, in Kikwit over 3,000 civilians were killed in a day, during an event nicknamed 'the National Butchery of Kikwit' by Colonel Joseph Monzimba. Africa. Le lundi 2 mars 2015, la loi de programmation déterminant les modalités d’installation des nouvelles provinces a été promulguée par le chef de l’État. (1992). Carte géographique - Kwilu (Kwilu) "The Second Independence": A Case Study of the Kwilu Rebellion in the Congo. Murder, pillaging, and attacking women became more prevalent as time passed.

[8] Many Congolese people viewed themselves as worse off than they were prior to independence in 1960. The political and ideological doctrine of Pierre Mulele acted as a backbone of the rebellion, and was followed by many of his troops.


[7] By late 1963, the value of the Congolese franc had plummeted, schools were overcrowded, and unemployment was high in the Kwilu region. This became particularly apparent after Europeans were evacuated from Kwilu, and the Congolese army arrived. Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. En 2015, la province du Kwilu est divisée en 2 villes, 5 territoires, 7 communes urbaines, 8 communes rurales, 49 secteurs et 502 groupements[4] : Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. Mwakikagile, Godfrey (2014). In the first weeks of the rebellion, hundreds of police and government workers were killed by Kwilu rebels, often in public executions. Foreign mercenaries alongside ANC troops enacted a scorched earth policy in order to isolate Kwilu rebels. Squads of foreign mercenaries, and 350 Belgian paratroopers were flown into the Congo.

It offered a doctrine as to the problems facing the Congo, and an idyllic vision of what was to be done about them. Cambridge University Press is committed by its charter to disseminate knowledge as widely as possible across the globe.

[27], During the early months of the rebellion, attacks were generally planned and systematic. Retrieved from, Siddiqui, A.


History in Africa is published annually and is edited by David Henige of the University of Wisconsin. Corruption, administrative inefficiency, and ethnic favoritism turned out to be liabilities for the rebel leaders as much as they had been for previous provincial administrators. Referred to as the ‘Second Independence’, the rebellion has been viewed as a revolutionary attempt to correct the injustices felt by many in the Congo after the first independence of 1960.

The attitude of many in the Congo during this period has been described as 'fighting against foreign imperialists and their Congolese lackeys'. Government, administrative, and wealthy individuals were targeted first.

[14] The rebels also used witchcraft extensively to demoralize their opponents. [2] Supported by communist China, rebels used mainly guerrilla warfare against government forces. (1965). La Province du Kwilu Superficie : 78.441 Km2 La Province de Kwilu est limitée - Au Nord par le Sud de la Province de Maï-ndombe - A l’Est par l’Ouest de la Province du Kasaï - … Certain cities in the Kwilu region were evacuated, with the help of UN forces. These had little impact on the government, however, and were confined to rural areas.

[10] This helped to inform the rebellion's ideology, with the majority of fighters claiming Maoist inspiration. The rebellion took place in the wider context of the Cold War and the Congo Crisis. Kwilu was formed from the Kwilu district and the independently administered cities of Bandundu and Kikwit. (2) Workers and peasants: the poor, or the "popular masses". Province occidentale et intérieure du pays, le Kwilu est limitrophe de quatre provinces congolaises.

Login via your Either a struggle to diminish suffering, or a struggle to reform and reorganize the country.

"Les rébellions populaires au Congo en 1964" (PDF).

The rebels are reported to have used machetes, poisoned arrows, homemade bombs, and guns as weapons.

[35] These trained forces began to quickly retake areas captured by the rebels.

Albany: State University of New York. All men, no matter what their status and work, were once village people.

La province du Kwilu est depuis 2015 une province de la République démocratique du Congo à la suite de l'éclatement de la province du Bandundu. Cambridge Journals publishes over 250 peer-reviewed academic journals across a wide range of subject areas, in print and online. Oxford University Press, 11(1), pp.