Only to a certain extent, noun class allocation is semantically governed. The digraphs each have a specific order in the alphabet; for example, mza will be expected to be ordered before mba, because the digraph mb follows the letter m. The letters r and h are rare but present in borrowed words. There are over 70 million lingalophones. Spoken Lingala is largely used in informal functions, and the majority of Lingala songs use spoken Lingala over other variations.

Entstanden ist Lingála entlang des Kongo-Flusses in der Provinz Equateur. Dr. Adolphe Dzokanga vom Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales in Paris hat mehrere wichtige Werke über Lingála verfasst. The script is used in the church of Kimbangu as a liturgical script.

In the 19th century, before the creation of the Congo Free State, the Bangala (literally: 'river people') were a group of similar Bantu peoples living and trading along the bend of the Congo River that reached from Irebu at the mouth of the Ubangi River to the Mongala River. Lingala (Ngala) (Lingala: lingála) is a Bantu language spoken throughout the northwestern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and a large part of the Republic of the Congo. Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lingála&oldid=199085470, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“, 2 Mio. It had already simplified, compared to local Bantu languages, in its sentence structure, word structure and sounds, and speakers borrowed words and constructs liberally from other languages. Most words from class 14 (abstract nouns) do not have a plural counterpart.

It is spoken to a lesser degree in Angola and the Central African Republic. Lingala has four tones which are sometimes indicated in writing as follows: 1. no accent for default tone, the low tone 2. acute accent <á> for the high tone 3. circumflex accent <â> for descending tone 4. caron <ǎ> for ascending tone Download an alphabet chart for Lingala(Excel) Details of the Lingala alphabet provided by Michael Peter Füstumum The Lingala is a Bantu language (like the Swahili) spoken in Congo (Brazzaville & Kinshasa) Texts & Literature • Biblafrique : hymns in Lingala (+ sheet music) Standard Lingala is historically associated with the work of the Catholic Church and missionaries. Khabirov, Valeri. In 1976, the Société Zaïroise des Linguistes (Zairian Linguists Society) adopted a writing system for Lingala, using the open e (ɛ) and the open o (ɔ) to write the vowels [ɛ] and [ɔ], and sporadic usage of accents to mark tone, though the limitation of input methods prevents Lingala writers from easily using the ɛ and ɔ and the accents. The prenasalized voiced occlusives, /ᵐb/, /ⁿd/, /ᵑɡ/, /ⁿz/ do not vary. Regarding phonology, there is also a seven-vowel system but the vowel harmony is not mandatory. The Lingala language has 35 letters and digraphs. Jahrhundert eine überregionale Verkehrs- und Handelssprache, wobei Égide de Bœck große Verdienste zukommen. They are added to some verb root in the following order: The first tone segment affects the subject part of the verb, the second tone segment attaches to the semantic morpheme attached to the root of the verb. Lingála wird in großen Teilen der Demokratischen Republik Kongo und der Republik Kongo sowie in kleinerem Maße in der Zentralafrikanischen Republik von über zehn Millionen Menschen gesprochen. Mitte der 80er-Jahre gab es rund 35 000 Zeugen Jehovas in Zaire (heute Demokratische Republik Kongo). So in Kinshasa, a native speaker will say mbóte as /ᵐbóte/, compared to the more traditional pronunciation of /ᵐbɔ́tɛ/.

Thus, the prefix shows up as 'n' on words that start with t or d, e.g. The table below shows the noun classes of Lingala, ordered according to the numbering system that is widely used in descriptions of Bantu languages. It is similar to the Lusengo, Bangala, and Bobangi languages. The accents indicate the tones as follows: The Lord's Prayer (Protestant version used in Ubangi-Mongala region). Insgesamt sind es mehr als 10.000.000 Sprecher, demographisch bedingt stark zunehmend. [8] In its basic vocabulary, Lingala has many borrowings from various other languages, such as French, Spanish, Portuguese, and English. National African Language Resource Center (May 30, 2005). Na sanza ya minei na 2014, biro ya filiale ya Congo (Kinshasa) ezwaki mokanda moko ya kosimba motema oyo eutaki epai ya babomi-mbisi oyo bafandaka na Ibinja, esanga moko na Laki Kivu. Aus Lobangi, vermischt mit weiteren Bantusprachen, entstand im 19. The prenasalized stops formed with a nasal followed by a voiceless plosive are allophonic to the voiceless plosives alone in some variations of Lingala. Im Herzen der von diesen bewohnten Region Ngala, auf halbem Weg zwischen Léopoldville (heute Kinshasa) und Stanleyville (heute Kisangani), wurde der Hafen Nouvelle Anvers (Neu-Antwerpen) (seit 1966 Makanza) als eine der ersten Handelsstationen des Kongo-Freistaates errichtet. It also has a full range of morphological noun prefixes with mandatory grammatical agreement system with subject–verb, or noun–modifier for each of class. Like all Bantu languages, Lingala has a noun class system in which nouns are classified according to the prefixes they bear and according to the prefixes they trigger in sentences. Copyright © 2020 Bright Hub Education. (There is a special verbal form 'a' of the prefix for class 1 nouns.). In Kongo-Kinshasa ist Lingála, trotz der großen Verbreitung, nicht Unterrichtssprache an den Schulen. (1990) 'The origins of Kituba and Lingala'. Many Lingala books, papers, even the translation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and more recently, Internet forums, newsletters, and major websites, such as Google's Lingala, do not use the Lingala-specific characters ɛ and ɔ. European missionaries called the language Bangala, after the Bangala people, or Lingala. Individual classes pair up with each other to form singular/plural pairs, sometimes called 'genders'. Lingála, Sprachcode LIN, ist eine der acht Lusengo-Sprachen. For starters, here are some important Lingala words and phrases you will use whenever you cross paths with someone else. All Rights Reserved. It is spoken to a lesser degree in Angola and the Central African Republic.